Flutter-环境搭建（Linux）-Javalx-Blog

前言

Deepin20.X搭建Flutter开发环境

flutter SDK安装

配置国内镜像

javalx@javalx-PC:~$ sudo vim /etc/profile

export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn //国内用户需要设置
export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn //国内用户需要设置

javalx@javalx-PC:~$ source /etc/profile
javalx@javalx-PC:~$ echo $PUB_HOSTED_URL
https://pub.flutter-io.cn
javalx@javalx-PC:~$

下载SDK安装包

下载地址如下，下载后解压即可

https://docs.flutter.dev/development/tools/sdk/releases?tab=linux#macos

配置SDK环境变量

javalx@javalx-PC:~$ sudo vim /etc/profile

export PATH=$PATH:/home/javalx/soft/flutter/bin

版本验证

javalx@javalx-PC:~$ flutter --version
Flutter 1.20.0 • channel stable • https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
Framework • revision 840c9205b3 (2 年 1 个月前) • 2020-08-04 20:55:12 -0700
Engine • revision c8e3b94853
Tools • Dart 2.9.0
javalx@javalx-PC:~$

环境检查

javalx@javalx-PC:~$ flutter doctor
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 1.20.0, on Linux, locale zh_CN.UTF-8)
[✗] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices
    ✗ Unable to locate Android SDK.
      Install Android Studio from: https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html
      On first launch it will assist you in installing the Android SDK components.
      (or visit https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install/linux#android-setup for detailed instructions).
      If the Android SDK has been installed to a custom location, set ANDROID_SDK_ROOT to that location.
      You may also want to add it to your PATH environment variable.

[!] Android Studio (not installed)
[!] Connected device
    ! No devices available

! Doctor found issues in 3 categories.
javalx@javalx-PC:~$

Flutter中文网
```
https://flutterchina.club/
```

flutter SDK 地址

https://docs.flutter.dev/development/tools/sdk/releases?tab=linux#macos

Using Flutter in China

https://docs.flutter.dev/community/china

Android studio(AS) 安装

官网下载安装

应用商店的安装目录设置无法识别

https://developer.android.com/studio#downloads

安装配置AS

配置安卓 SDK

javalx@javalx-PC:~$ sudo vim /etc/profile

export ANDROID_SDK=/home/javalx/Android/Sdk
export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_SDK/tools:$ANDROID_SDK/tools/bin:$ANDROID_SDK/platform-tools:$ANDROID_SDK/emulator

javalx@javalx-PC:~/Android/Sdk$ flutter config --android-sdk /home/javalx/Android/Sdk
Setting "android-sdk" value to "/home/javalx/Android/Sdk".

You may need to restart any open editors for them to read new settings.
javalx@javalx-PC:~/Android/Sdk$ flutter doctor
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 1.20.0, on Linux, locale zh_CN.UTF-8)
[!] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 33.0.0)
    ✗ Android license status unknown.
      Try re-installing or updating your Android SDK Manager.
      See https://developer.android.com/studio/#downloads or visit
      https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install/linux#android-setup for detailed instructions.
[!] Android Studio (not installed)
[!] Connected device
    ! No devices available

! Doctor found issues in 3 categories.

问题：下载完SDK后发现缺少tools包

1.打开Android Studio新建一个工程
2.打开 File --> Setting --> 展开System Settings --> Android SDK --> 切换到中间的SDK Tools选项 --> 去掉底部的Hide Obsolete Packages勾选项 --> 选择 Android SDK Tools (Obsolete) --> 点击下方Apply即可下载tools包

截图_选择区域_20220902121933

配置AS目录

javalx@javalx-PC:~/Android/Sdk$ flutter config --android-studio-dir /home/javalx/soft/android-studio
Setting "android-studio-dir" value to "/home/javalx/soft/android-studio".

You may need to restart any open editors for them to read new settings.
javalx@javalx-PC:~/Android/Sdk$ flutter doctor
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 1.20.0, on Linux, locale zh_CN.UTF-8)
[!] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 33.0.0)
    ✗ Android license status unknown.
      Try re-installing or updating your Android SDK Manager.
      See https://developer.android.com/studio/#downloads or visit
      https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install/linux#android-setup for detailed instructions.
[!] Android Studio
    ✗ Flutter plugin not installed; this adds Flutter specific functionality.
    ✗ Dart plugin not installed; this adds Dart specific functionality.
[!] Connected device
    ! No devices available

! Doctor found issues in 3 categories.
javalx@javalx-PC:~/Android/Sdk$

配置许可证书

javalx@javalx-PC: flutter doctor --android-licenses

执行上述命令然后全部输入"yes"即可

问题：flutter doctor检查发现AS已安装了Flutter和Dart但是结果提示未安装

原因：android studio 4.0以后的版本改变了plugin folder的路径，导致低版本flutter doctor不能检测到插件（作者初始版本为1.20）

解决：升级flutter版本或者将插件目录做一个软连接（建议采用前者）

https://blog.csdn.net/kaixinlaok/article/details/110522275

谷歌浏览器配置

flutter doctor检查

javalx@javalx-PC:~$ flutter doctor
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 2.0.0, on Linux, locale zh_CN.UTF-8)
[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 33.0.0)
[✗] Chrome - develop for the web (Cannot find Chrome executable at google-chrome)
    ! Cannot find Chrome. Try setting CHROME_EXECUTABLE to a Chrome executable.
[✓] Android Studio
[✓] IntelliJ IDEA Ultimate Edition (version 2022.2)
[!] Connected device
    ! No devices available

! Doctor found issues in 2 categories.
javalx@javalx-PC:~$

配置CHROME_EXECUTABLE

javalx@javalx-PC:~$ sudo vim /etc/profile

export CHROME_EXECUTABLE=/opt/apps/cn.google.chrome/files/google-chrome

javalx@javalx-PC:~$ flutter doctor
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 2.0.0, on Linux, locale zh_CN.UTF-8)
[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 33.0.0)
[✓] Chrome - develop for the web
[✓] Android Studio
[✓] IntelliJ IDEA Ultimate Edition (version 2022.2)
[✓] Connected device (1 available)

• No issues found!
javalx@javalx-PC:~$

VScode开发flutter

安装模拟器
vscode使用
1. 安装flutter & dart插件
2. ctrl + shift + p（或F1）打开命令栏，输入Flutter: New Project
3. 点击右下角选择模拟器
4. 控制台输入flutter run 启动
```
flutter run -d 'xxx'
# -d 指定启动设备（模拟器）
```
5. 设置gradle国内仓库
  
  打开项目下android文件夹下的build.gradle，注释buildscript和allprojects下repositories里的原有代码加入如下代码：
```
maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter' }
maven { url 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public'}
maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin'}
```
6. 重新启动